… Because Fiqh Matters
IMPURITIES AND PURIFICATION
Continued From Last Edition
Dung/stools of animals whose flesh is forbidden to eat. I.e. dogs, pigs, lions, tigers
Evidence: Hadeeth: Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud (RA): "The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) wanted to defecate and so he said: "Bring me three stones." I brought for him two stones and a piece of donkey dropping. He took the two stones, but he flung the dropping away, saying: "This isrijs (i.e. najis)." (Ibn Khuzaymah)
Blood of menstruation (menses)
Evidence: Hadeeth: Asma bint Abi Bakr (RA):
"A woman came to the Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) and asked him 'One of us gets menses blood on our garment- what should we do?' The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam) said she should rub it and rinse it with water and pray after that whilst wearing it." (Bukhari)
This hadeeth shows that menses is impure as the Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam) said she should rinse it out of her clothes i.e. wash it away from her garment before using it to pray in.
Saliva of the dog Evidence:
Hadeeeth: Abu Hurayrah (RA): The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said:
"If a dog drinks from the utensil of anyone of you it is essential to wash it seven times." (Bukhari)
The narration in Saheeh Muslim says:"First time with soil."Note that this washing is restricted to washing eating vessels - so one does not need to wash his body or clothes if a dog licks them. We can touch dogs bodies - only the saliva is najas - we can touch wet dogs.
Dead Animals which dies from natural causes (were not slaughtered islamically) includes any part of an animal that is cut off.
Evidence: Hadeeth: The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said:
"If the skin of the dead animal is tanned then it becomes pure." (Muslim, Abu Dawood)
This shows the skin of a dead animal is originally impure until tanned (i.e. made in to leather).
Exceptions For Dead Animals Ruling Are:
i) Dead fish and locusts:
Evidence: Hadeeth: Ibn Umar (RA) said: The Prophet (sallallahu'alaihi wa sallam) said:
"Two dead things and two kinds of blood have been permitted to us: As for the two dead things, they are fish and locusts. And as for the two kinds of blood, they are the liver and the spleen."(Bayhaqi)
ii) Dead things which have no flowing blood: These include ants, bees, and such like.
Evidence: Hadeeth: Abu Hurayrah (RA): The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said:
"If a fly lands in a vessel belonging to one of you, he should submerge it completely, then remove it, for verily in one of its wings is a poison and in the other is a cure." (Bukhaaree, Ibn Majah)
iii) The bones, horns, claws, hair and feathers of dead things:
Evidence: These are pure based on basic principle: pure unless there is evidence. Also Az-Zuhree (RA) said: 'I met some of the people from the Salaf (sohabah) and they used to use the elephant bones to comb their hair and use it as oil/perfume holders." (Bukhaaree in mu'allaq form)
How To Purify Something Contaminated By An-Najaasaat:
We should know that the Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam) who informed us of those things which pollute or which are polluted in themselves, has also informed us how to remove impurities and it is an obligation upon us to follow his words and to obey his commands. So whatever has been reported of him washing until no colour, smell or taste remains of it, that is what is required to purify it; and whatever has been reported of him pouring, spraying, scraping, wiping on the ground, or even just walking on clean earth, then, that is what is required to purify it.
We should know that cleaning of impurities is essentially performed by using water a sit is Tahoor - unless there is a proof that purification is done by another way.
1) If any hide is tanned, then it is purified." (Tirmidhi, Ibn Majahand Nasaa'i)
2) Cleansing vessels licked by a dog by washing seven times – first time with dust
Evidence: Hadeeth: Abu Hurayrah (RA): Allaah's Messenger said:
"If a dog licks the dish of one of you, he should wash it seven times, the first time with dust." (Muslim)
3) Cleansing a garment which has menstrual blood on it by washing it with water – no problems if stains remain.
Evidence: Hadeeth: Asmaa' bintAbi Bakr (RA): "A woman came to the Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) and said:
'When one of us finds her garments stained with menstrual blood, what should shedo?" He replied: "She should scrape it, then scrub it with water, then sprinkle it, then she may pray in it." (Bukhari & Muslim and the wording is that of Bukhari] - And if some stain from it remains after this, there is no problem with that.
4) Cleansing the hem of a woman's dress by the clean earth that comes after the dirty earth.
Evidence: Hadeeth: The mother of a son of Ibraaheem ibn 'Abdur Rahmaan ibn Awf related that she asked Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet: "I am a woman whose hem is long and I walk in dirty places (so what should I do?)." Umm Salaamah reported:"The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam) said:
"It (i.e. the trailing hem) cleans what comes after it."(Maalik, Abu Daawood andNasaa'i)
5) Cleansing a garment of the urine of a breastfed infant:
Evidence: Hadeeth: Abu As-Samh, the servant of the Prophet,(sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) that he said: "The Prophet (sallallahu'alaihi wa sallam) said:
"It (i.e. the garment) should be washed if from a girl's urine and sprinkled if from a boy's urine." (Abu Daawood and Nasaa'i)
6) Cleansing a garment of almadhee
Evidence: Hadeeth: Sahl ibn Haneef (RA): "I used to suffer from al-madhee excessively and I used to make complete ablution (ghusl) from it all the time and I mentioned this to Allaah's Messenger (sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam) and he said:
"It is only necessary to make wudhu for this. "So I asked: "O, Messenger of Allah! What should I do regarding the clothes which are affected by it?" He (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) replied: "It is sufficient for you to take a handful of water and sprinkle your clothes with it wherever you see its stains." (Abu Daawood,Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah)
7) Cleansing the soles of the shoes with wiring on the earth
Abu Sa'eed (RA): The Prophet(sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said:
"When one of you comes to the mosque, he should turn over his shoes to look at them (i.e. the soles) and if he sees anything filthy, he should wipe them on the ground, then he should pray in them." (Abu Daawood)
Note that all traces of faeces must be removed from the shoes.
8) Cleansing the earth
Evidence: Hadeeth: Abu Hurayrah (RA) reported that:
"A Bedouin stood up and urinated in the masjid and the people seized him, but the Prophet (sallallahu'alaihi wa sallam) said to them:"
Leave him and pour a sajl or a dhanoob (both, kinds of bucket) of water over his urine, for you were sent forth to make things easy, not to make things difficult.” (Bukhaari)
The Prophet (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) only ordered this in order to immediately purify the ground, but had the urine been left until it was dry and the effects of the pollution had gone, it (i.e. the earth) would have been purified.
Evidence: Hadeeth: Ibnu Umar(RA) who said:
"Dogs used to urinate in the masjid and go in and out in the time of the Messenger(sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) and they did not use to spray anything(on the urine)." (Bukhari in mu'allaq)
This article was culled from the publications of Deen Communication Limited